Saturday, February 24, 2024

Existenlism : Flipped Learning

 Hello viewers 👋

I am Kavita Chauhan, 

a student of M.A. sem-2 department of English, M.K.B.U.


This blog is part of Flipped learning-bridge course on Existentialism.

- Assigned by Dilip bard sir.


What is Flipped Learning?


Flip learning is a new way of learning that turns around the usual way we study. Instead of doing class activities in school, we do them at home, and homework is done in the classroom. The goal is to get more students involved in discussions. In flip learning, students do research on their own or complete assigned tasks, and then they talk with the teacher or ask questions during class. This approach gives students the freedom to choose where they want to study.


For  more detailed information about flipped learning you can visit teacher's blog  link :-click here 👇

 Flipped Learning: Existenlism


Existentialism: 

Existentialism is a philosophical perspective that highlights the importance of the individual as a free and responsible agent shaping their own growth through acts of the will.


•The thoughts I like most:


Vedio -1

In the very first vedio I am impressed by this thought...



It sounds like the video provided a comprehensive introduction to Existentialism, highlighting key aspects such as freedom, passion, and individuality. Existentialism indeed emerged in the aftermath of war, grappling with the perceived meaninglessness of life and the concept of absurdity.


Vedio -2


In the second video i am impressed by this thought.



"An elegant suicide is the ultimate work of art".

The statement suggests a provocative perspective, implying that a carefully planned suicide is viewed as a refined and intricate form of artistic expression. 'Suicide is an individual act '-camus


Vedio -3

In the third vedio i am impressed by this thoughts





Any one is not fulfill that commited suicide

1.A total obsence of hope

2.A continmal rejection

3.conscious dissatisfaction

' Reason is useless and there is nothing beyond reason'


Vedio -4

In the forth video I am impressed by this thought





“Whom do they hate most? Him who breaks up their tables of values, the breaker, the lawbreaker. He, however, is the creator.”

-Nietzsche


Nietzsche's quote highlights that those who disrupt established values and laws are often the most hated, yet paradoxically, they are the ones who create new paradigms and possibilities


Vedio -5

In the fifth video I am impressed by this thought.



 You are responsible for your every velue &choice ,because that's happen reason of your discussion




"Become who you are” – Nietzsche


Vedio -6

 In the sixth video I am impressed by this thought.



The video clarifies that Existentialism and Nihilism differ and highlights that every existentialist has taken a stand against nihilism in some form or another.


Vedio -7

In the seventh vedio i am impressed by this thought.



"The Human condition "

Three types of questions like this

 •why am I here?

• what does it mean to human?

• How should I live my life?


This video enlightened me with a new thought - Religion has been always giving the answers of life but we are humans we don't need answers from divine perspective but from human perspective ‘Human, all too human” - Nietzsche


Vedio -8

In the eighth vedio I am impressed by this thought.


This cool video teaches little kids about existentialism and Nietzsche. It's a big effort because they talk about individuality and making choices. Nietzsche's Übermensch idea says it's important to decide things on your own


Vedio -9

In the ninth vedio I am like this thought.


Vedio -10

In the 10th vedio i am like this thoughts





Learning outcome :

In this flipped learning activity, I noticed that as a student, we don't rely on the teacher for easy answers. Instead, we enjoy figuring out things ourselves, making the learning experience more interesting. Also, I knew a bit about the theory beforehand, but when it became a task, it became exciting to delve deeper into a specific topic, like Existentialism


Ask Questions:

1. In the Vedio-2, What implications does the statement about elegant suicide carry, and how does it align with Camus' perspective on suicide being an individual act?

2. Vedio-2, What is absurd reasoning?

3. In the Vedio-3, Do the expressions "A total absence of hope" and "There is no place for hope" imply a desire for escapism or contemplation of suicide?

4. In the Vedio-4, How does Existentialism explore the notion of values dictated by others?

5.In the vedio-5, In what ways does Existentialism's emphasis on becoming one's authentic self navigate beyond the superficial aspects of self-love linked to narcissism, contributing to a more profound existential exploration?



Friday, February 23, 2024

The Great Gastby

Hello viewers 👋
I am Kavita Chauhan, 
a student of M.A. sem-2 department of English, M.K.B.U.

Thinking Activity 


This blog is part of thinking activity task of novel The Great Gatsby. discussed questions in this Blog  related to the novel.

- assigned by Dilip bard sir 


 Creative and Analytical Activities:

(i)Modern Reimagining: Rewrite a key scene from the novel in a modern setting, considering how themes and character motivations might change



In the bustling urban landscape of the 21st century, Jay Gatsby, now a visionary tech entrepreneur, meticulously orchestrated the launch of his latest groundbreaking innovation at a sleek, state-of-the-art tech conference. The ambiance buzzed with excitement, reminiscent of the extravagance that once defined Gatsby's legendary parties.


Gatsby's unrequited love for Daisy found expression in a cutting-edge startup named "Project Greenlight," an app promising to connect individuals with their aspirations. As the event unfolded, Gatsby, dressed in contemporary tech attire, navigated the crowd of influencers and industry leaders, his eyes searching for Daisy, now a prominent figure in the digital media realm.


The green light, symbolic of Gatsby's unreachable dreams, transformed into the radiant glow of the city skyline visible through the venue's large windows. It symbolized the allure of success and innovation in the rapidly evolving world of technology and the digital age.


Approaching Daisy amidst the smartphones capturing every moment, their conversation resonated with the language of venture capitalism, startup collaborations, and the challenges of navigating the competitive tech landscape. Gatsby's passion for Daisy seamlessly intertwined with his drive for entrepreneurial success.


The modern penthouse, adorned with holographic displays and AI assistants, served as the backdrop for this contemporary rendezvous. The dynamic between Gatsby and Daisy reflected the complexities of relationships in the digital era, where authenticity is often overshadowed by curated online personas.


The pivotal moment of Gatsby reaching out to the elusive green light took a futuristic turn. In this reimagining, the green light became a symbolic holographic projection, representing the unattainable ideals of success and personal connection in the digital age.


As the narrative unfolded, themes of ambition, unrequited love, and the pursuit of the modern American Dream seamlessly blended into the fabric of the tech-driven narrative. The challenges of building and sustaining a startup paralleled the complexities faced by Gatsby in Fitzgerald's original tale, providing a fresh perspective on timeless themes within the framework of contemporary technological a

dvancements.


(ii) Symbolism Analysis: Identify and interpret key symbols in the novel, like the green light, the eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg, and Gatsby's parties.



 the symbolism of these key elements in "The Great Gatsby":


 The Green light:



 The green light at the end of Daisy's dock symbolizes Gatsby's hopes and dreams, particularly his longing for a future with Daisy. It represents the unattainable ideal, as Gatsby reaches out to it, yet it remains just out of reach. The green light also embodies the American Dream and the pursuit of happiness, highlighting the theme of aspiration and the illusion of success. Despite its elusive nature, the green light serves as a guiding beacon for Gatsby, driving him forward in his quest for love and fulfillment.


The Eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg: 



The eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg, looming over the Valley of Ashes, represents the watchful gaze of moral judgment and the decline of spiritual values in society. They are described as "blue and gigantic," suggesting their omnipotent presence and the scrutiny under which characters like Tom and Daisy Buchanan, as well as Gatsby himself, live. The eyes also symbolize the loss of innocence and the corruption of the American Dream, as they witness the moral decay and ethical compromises of the characters.


Gatsby's Parties:



 Gatsby's extravagant parties serve as a symbol of excess, superficiality, and the pursuit of pleasure in the Jazz Age. They are characterized by opulence, extravagance, and hedonism, reflecting the materialistic values of the Roaring Twenties. However, beneath the façade of glamour and revelry, Gatsby's parties also reveal a sense of emptiness and loneliness. Despite the lively atmosphere and the multitude of guests, Gatsby remains isolated, yearning for genuine connection and acceptance. The parties thus symbolize the hollowness of wealth and social status, as well as the inability to escape the past and find true fulfillment amidst the superficiality of high society.


These symbols enrich the narrative of "The Great Gatsby," providing layers of meaning and depth to Fitzgerald's exploration of themes such as love, identity, wealth, and the American Dream. They invite readers to interpret the text beyond its surface level, encouraging reflection on the complexities of human nature and the societal values of the Jazz Age.


(iii) Historical Context Exploration: Research the historical and cultural context of the 1920s and analyze how it influences the plot, characters, and themes.


The historical and cultural context of the 1920s and its impact on "The Great Gatsby":


Prohibition Era:


•Influence on Plot:

 The 18th Amendment banning alcohol (Prohibition) from 1920 to 1933 plays a pivotal role in the plot. Gatsby's extravagant parties are fueled by the illegal sale of alcohol, reflecting the widespread defiance of Prohibition.

•Influence on Characters:

 Gatsby's mysterious wealth is linked to his involvement in bootlegging, highlighting the illicit activities that thrived during Prohibition.


Jazz Age and Roaring Twenties:



•Influence on Plot:

 The Jazz Age's exuberance and societal changes define the novel's backdrop. Gatsby's extravagant parties, filled with music and dance, embody the carefree spirit of the Roaring Twenties.

•Influence on Characters:

 Characters like Gatsby and Nick are swept up in the cultural transformations of the time, embracing the liberated attitudes and hedonistic pursuits of the Jazz Age.


Post-World War I Disillusionment:


•Influence on Plot: 

The aftermath of World War I contributes to a sense of disillusionment. Gatsby's relentless pursuit of wealth and love reflects the search for meaning in a world altered by war.

•Influence on Characters: 

Characters grapple with the lingering effects of the war. Nick, as a war veteran, observes the changing societal values and the impact on individuals like Gatsby and Daisy.


Economic Prosperity and Social Inequality:


•Influence on Plot: 

The economic boom of the 1920s is evident in Gatsby's opulent lifestyle. The pursuit of wealth and the stark contrast between the rich and poor form key aspects of the narrative.

•Influence on Characters: 

Characters like Tom and Daisy Buchanan represent the privileged class, showcasing the economic disparities and materialism of the time. Gatsby's climb from modest origins illustrates the American Dream's allure.


Changing Moral Values:


•Influence on Plot: 

Shifting moral values characterize the novel. Extramarital affairs, decadent parties, and questionable business dealings underscore the moral decline during the era.

•Influence on Characters:

 Tom and Daisy embody the moral ambiguity of the time, while Gatsby's romantic idealism contrasts with the more morally compromised characters. The novel explores the blurred lines between right and wrong in a changing society.


Emergence of Consumer Culture:


•Influence on Plot: 

The 1920s witnessed the rise of consumer culture, reflected in Gatsby's extravagant spending and the pursuit of luxury and status.

•Influence on Characters: 

Gatsby's parties, laden with excess and materialism, epitomize the consumer-driven ethos of the time. Characters navigate a world increasingly defined by appearances and possessions.


Understanding the historical and cultural context of the 1920s provides a lens to interpret the motivations, struggles, and societal dynamics within "The Great Gatsby." Fitzgerald's exploration of this transformative era allows readers to grasp the complexities of characters and themes ag

ainst the backdrop of a changing America.


 influences the themes in "The Great Gatsby":


The American Dream:



Influence from the 1920s: The Roaring Twenties brought a surge in economic prosperity, creating an era where the pursuit of the American Dream was central.


Reflection in the Novel: The characters, especially Gatsby, embody the American Dream's pursuit, emphasizing the belief that anyone can achieve success and happiness through hard work. However, the novel questions the authenticity and attainability of this dream, especially in the face of moral compromises.


Excess and Materialism:


Influence from the 1920s: The economic boom led to a culture of excess and materialism, where wealth and opulence were highly valued.

Reflection in the Novel: Gatsby's extravagant parties and his opulent lifestyle highlight the obsession with wealth and the superficiality of societal values. The characters' pursuit of material success often comes at the cost of genuine human connections.


Moral Decay:


Influence from the 1920s: The shifting moral landscape, marked by changing social norms and values, was a notable aspect of the post-war era.

Reflection in the Novel: Characters like Tom and Daisy Buchanan exemplify moral ambiguity, engaging in extramarital affairs and unethical behavior. The novel explores the consequences of a society where traditional moral values are in decline.


Disillusionment:


Influence from the 1920s: Post-World War I disillusionment permeated society, as individuals grappled with the aftermath of the war and societal changes.

Reflection in the Novel: Gatsby's unrequited love for Daisy and his pursuit of an idealized version of the past reflect a broader disillusionment within the characters. The novel explores the theme of unattainable dreams and the harsh realities that come with them.


Social Class and Inequality:


Influence from the 1920s: Economic disparities were stark during the 1920s, with a noticeable divide between the affluent and the working class.

Reflection in the Novel: The distinct social classes represented by characters like Gatsby, Tom, and Nick highlight the theme of social inequality. The novel critiques the impact of wealth on societal structures and personal relationships.


Hollowness of the Jazz Age:

Influence from the 1920s: The Jazz Age, marked by exuberance and cultural shifts, also faced criticisms for its superficiality and lack of genuine depth.

Reflection in the Novel: Gatsby's parties, vibrant and energetic on the surface, mask a deeper emptiness and loneliness. The novel explores the contrast between the lively exterior and the hollow reality, echoing broader critiques of the Jazz Age.


 These themes in the context of the 1920s enhance the appreciation of Fitzgerald's portrayal of a society in flux. "The Great Gatsby" serves as a reflection on the complexities and contradictions of an era that, despite its apparent vibrancy, grappled with profound social, economic, and moral changes.


(iv) Comparative Analysis: Compare and contrast "The Great Gatsby" with another novel, film, or piece of art that explores similar themes.














I am Compare "The Great Gatsby" with another classic novel, "Death of a Salesman" by Arthur Miller:


Exploration of the American Dream:


Similarity: Both novels delve into the American Dream and its impact on individuals. Gatsby pursues wealth and social status to win back Daisy, while Willy Loman in "Death of a Salesman" aspires for success and recognition in the business world.

Difference: Gatsby's dream is tied to romantic idealism and love, while Willy's dream is centered around achieving financial success for the sake of his family.


Critique of Materialism:



Similarity: Both works critique the hollowness of materialism and the pursuit of success. Gatsby's opulent parties and Willy's relentless pursuit of sales reflect the emptiness that can accompany the relentless pursuit of wealth.

Difference: While Gatsby seeks wealth for personal fulfillment and love, Willy's materialism is driven by societal expectations and a desire to provide for his family.


Portrayal of Illusions and Reality:

Similarity: Both stories explore the theme of illusions versus reality. Gatsby idealizes a version of the past, and Willy creates illusions about his success, highlighting the impact of distorted perceptions on their lives.

Difference: Gatsby's illusions are tied to personal relationships, while Willy's illusions are more about professional success and the American Dream.


Social Class and Alienation:


Similarity: Both novels address issues of social class and the resulting alienation. Gatsby feels out of place in the elite world of East Egg, while Willy's struggle in the business world leads to a sense of isolation.

Difference: Gatsby's alienation is rooted in unrequited love, while Willy's is more directly tied to professional failures and strained family relationships.


Tragic Endings:


Similarity: Both stories conclude with tragic endings for the protagonists. Gatsby meets a violent end due to a misunderstanding, and Willy succumbs to his own illusions and the harsh realities of his life.

Difference: Gatsby's tragedy is more directly linked to his pursuit of love, while Willy's demise is a result of his shattered dreams and disillusionment with the American Dream.


Temporal Settings:

Similarity: Both works are set in periods of significant societal change. "The Great Gatsby" captures the Roaring Twenties, while "Death of a Salesman" reflects the post-World War II era.

Difference: "The Great Gatsby" captures the glamor and excess of the Jazz Age, while "Death of a Salesman" delves into the challenges and disillusionment of the post-war American landscape.


 Conclusion 

In concluding...While both "The Great Gatsby" and "Death of a Salesman" explore themes of the American Dream, materialism, and the impact of societal expectations, they do so through distinct narrative lenses, offering unique perspectives on the complexities of human aspirations and the pursuit of success.


Thank for visiting 😊

Thursday, February 15, 2024

Vita and verginia moive screening

 Hello viewers 👋

I am Kavita Chauhan, 

a student of M.A. sem-2 department of English, M.K.B.U.


Thinking Activity: moive Screening - Vita and verginia 

-assigned by vaidehi ma'am 




Into the movie 'Vita & Virginia,' we navigate the real-life love story of Virginia Woolf and Vita Sackville-West. This cinematic exploration serves as a profound reflection on love—its captivating allure, the deep sense of fulfillment it brings, and the inevitable heartbreak that sometimes accompanies it. Directed by Chanya Button, the film immerses us in the vibrant 1920s London artistic scene, capturing a poignant chapter in the lives of these two extraordinary women.This film inderectly connected to virginia Woolf 's novel "orlando. "


into the world of 'Vita & Virginia,' a cinematic masterpiece that unfolds the authentic love story between writers Virginia Woolf and Vita Sackville-West. Directed by Chanya Button, the film beautifully portrays love's captivating essence, its ability to fulfill our deepest desires, and the heartbreaking nuances that can emerge. Against the backdrop of 1920s London's artistic milieu, this movie unravels the magnetic connection between the two women, from the initial encounter to the bittersweet end of their relationship


Q- )Who do you think is initiating the relationship, Vita or Virginia? Who do you think is taking advantage of this relationship? 


Answer:-

 In the beginning of film "Vita & Virginia," Vita Sackville-West takes the initiative in initiating the romantic relationship with Virginia Woolf.

I think Vita is taking advantage of this relationship. I write is phrase that's related to Vita .


" Vita is all “fire and legs and beautiful plunging ways like a young horse.” "


Q- ) Who do you think is confused about their identity Vita or Virginia? Explain with illustrations.


Answer:-

In the flim virginia is more confused about her identity. And other side talk about Vita she accepted to her indentity and she is not only one relationship with virginia but also makes lesbian relationship with other women. And Virginia wasn't totally sure for her identity,she is confused because in moive Woolf go to Lake or river side and see and after come home, that scene this about confusion of virginia.


In moive, the frame mother and Vita's conversation is totally that time Vita confidencely talk to true as like she known to everything and identity.


Q- ) What is society’s thought about women and identity? Do you agree with them? If Yes then why? If no then why?

Answer:-

Society's thoughts about women and identity have varied across different cultures and historical periods. In the past, many societies held restrictive views on women's roles and identities, often prescribing specific expectations related to family, marriage, and societal norms. Women were sometimes perceived as having limited agency outside traditional roles.

I am agree with them because In the past, some believed women should stick to specific roles like taking care of the family, and this limited how they could express themselves. Over time, things have been changing, and now many people understand that women can have diverse identities and roles beyond old stereotypes. People are talking more about giving women equal chances and respecting their choices, but there are still places where challenges exist. The idea is that women should be free to be themselves and not limited by outdated views


Q- ) Write a note on your observations of the society during that era.

Answer:-

Observing the society during Vita Sackville-West and Virginia Woolf's time, which was the early 20th century, reveals a complex tapestry of social norms and expectations. Women, in particular, were often confined to traditional roles, with societal attitudes reinforcing limited views on their capabilities and identities. The era carried a conservative tone, and conventional gender roles were deeply ingrained.


However, the period also saw intellectual and artistic movements challenging these norms. The Bloomsbury Group, a collective of writers and artists, exemplified a more liberal approach, fostering discussions on unconventional ideas and relationships.


The time also reflected the struggles and conflicts arising from the clash between traditional expectations and the desire for individuality and self-expression. Vita and Virginia's relationship challenged the conventions of the time, illustrating the tension between personal desires and societal constraints.

In short the early 20th century exhibited a society marked by conservative gender roles, yet it was also a period witnessing the seeds of change and the emergence of voices challenging established norms, laying the foundation for the evolving perceptions of women and identity.


Q- ) Write a note on the direction of the movie. Which symbols and space caught your attention while watching the movie?

Answer:- 


Symbols of leaves and vines could symbolize growth, change, and a connection to nature. In the context of "Vita & Virginia," if leaves and vines were prominently featured, they might represent the evolving nature of Vita and Virginia's relationship. Leaves could symbolize the changing seasons of their connection, while vines may signify the intertwining complexities of their lives.


prominently featured leaves and vines, it could suggest a visual metaphor for the characters' personal journeys and the organic, sometimes unpredictable, nature of their interactions. Filmmakers often use symbols like leaves and vines to convey deeper layers of meaning and evoke emotions tied to the themes of the narrative.

natural elements symbolizing the complexities of their relationship. Spaces, such as Virginia Woolf's writing room or Vita Sackville-West's garden, could be used to convey the characters' personalities and the dynamics of their interactions.

Symbols might include objects like letters or books, representing the writers' intellectual connection, or perhaps natural elements symbolizing the complexities of their relationship.

Symbols might include items representing societal constraints or personal struggles, such as closed rooms symbolizing confinement or open landscapes expressing freedom.


Q- ) Vita and Virginia" had to be made into a Bollywood Adaptation, who do you think would be fit for the role of Vita and Virginia?

Answer:-

Alia Bhatt as Vita








Vani Kapoor as Varginia 

I preferred to Bollywood adaptation,role of Vita is Alia Batt And  Virgin is Vani Kapoor .


Thank you for visiting 😊



Saturday, February 10, 2024

The waste Land

Hello views 👋

I am Kavita Chauhan, 

a student of M.A. sem-2 department of English, M.K.B.U.


Thinking Activity - The  Waste Land 

         


This blog discusses questions about T.S. Eliot's poem "The Waste Land"

-assigned by Dilip bard sir 


T.S. Eliot's 'The Waste Land' serves as a poignant portrayal of the deteriorating human condition in the 20th century, portraying a desolate realm where nothing can flourish. This wasteland signifies the barrenness, futility, and hollowness prevalent among individuals in the modern age.

The structure of Eliot's poem, often deemed a "Modern Epic," unfolds in five distinctive parts.


1. The Burial of the Dead

2. A Game of Chess

3. The Fire Sermon

4. Death by Water

5. What the Thunder Said


"The Burial of the Dead" in "The Waste Land" symbolizes a spiritual decline in a wasteland where people resist any change to their routines. Even though April is usually a symbol of new beginnings, for them, it becomes harsh, reflecting their dislike for spiritual renewal.

In "A Game of Chess," inspired by Middleton's play, it shows a society where love turns into lust. The mention of Philomel represents purification through suffering, but in modern times, the hope for renewal is lost

The Fire Sermon" gets its name from Buddha's sermon, highlighting the world's spiritual decay filled with hatred and desire. "Death by Water" uses water as a symbol of cleansing and new life. Phlebas's death symbolizes those consumed by worldly pursuits, losing their youth to death. "What the Thunder Said" suggests freedom from spiritual emptiness, like the knight's journey in the Fisher King myth and Christ's disciples to Emmaus, symbolizing truth and resurrection.

In short, "The Waste Land" delves into themes of brokenness, loss, distorted sexuality, and spiritual decline.


 Each section artfully juxtaposes fragments from various facets, creating a narrative that resembles episodic events—a layered "Story within Story."


As per my understanding, I try to give answers of questions which is mentioned here.


1. ) What are your views on the following image after reading 'The Waste Land'? Do you think that Eliot is regressive as compared to Nietzche's views? or Has Eliot achieved universality of thought by recalling mytho-historical answer to the contemporary malaise?

Answer:- 

            Nietzsche was a German philosopher, essayist and cultural critic. His writings on truth, morality, language, aesthetics, cultural theory, history, nihilism, power, consciousness and the meaning of existence have exerted an enormous influence on western philosophy and intellectual history. 


The Ubermensch, a concept in Friedrich Nietzsche's philosophy, is introduced in his 1883 work "Thus Spoke Zarathustra," where Zarathustra presents it as a goal for humanity. Essentially, Ubermensch translates to "Overman," "Superman," or "Superhuman," contrasting Nietzsche's views with the otherworldliness of Christianity.

  

 • Death of God and creation of New       Values :

Zarathustra suggests that the Ubermensch, or overman, creates new values to overcome nihilism after declaring "God is dead." Nietzsche sees the Christian value system as reactive and destructive, lacking in life affirmation. The death of God signifies the end of relying on divine values. While belief in God provided meaning for a while, blindly following God without taking personal action is problematic. In tough situations, humans should have faith and hope but also engage in hard work and effort. Nietzsche beautifully describes this through the concept of the Ubermensch.


On the contrary, T. S. Eliot, in "The Wasteland," urges us to look back into the past, connecting it to the present. He uses various myths to compare past incidents with contemporary issues, emphasizing the relevance of history to current times.



2) Prior to the speech, Gustaf Hellström of the Swedish Academy made these remarks:

What are your views regarding these comments? Is it true that giving free vent to the repressed 'primitive instinct' lead us to happy and satisfied life? or do you agree with Eliot's view that 'salvation of man lies in the preservation of the cultural tradition'? 


Answer :-  

 Freud and Nietzsche, being contemporaries, delved into different fields. Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, explored individuality and primitive instincts, with concepts like Id, Ego, and Superego shaping human behavior.


Conversely, T.S. Eliot employed myths in "The Wasteland," arguing that looking back isn't necessarily regressive. Learning from the past allows people to avoid repeating mistakes and recover from past errors, as highlighted by Eliot using myths to draw lessons applicable to the present.  


3) Write about allusions to the Indian thoughts in 'The Waste Land'. (Where, How and Why are the Indian thoughts referred?


Answer :-

           T.S Eliot used various allusions to the Indian thoughts in " The Wasteland." Like,


• Buddha's Sermon 

• River and Mountain 

• Thunder


• Three DA


1. Da - Datta ( Be a giver )

2. Da - Dayadhvam ( Empathise )

3. Da - Damyata ( Self Control )


DA
Datta: what have we given?
My friend, blood shaking my heart
The awful daring of a moment’s surrender
Which an age of prudence can never retract
By this, and this only, we have existed
Which is not to be found in our obituaries
Or in memories draped by the beneficent spider
Or under seals broken by the lean solicitor
In our empty rooms
DA
Dayadhvam: I have heard the key
Turn in the door once and turn once only
We think of the key, each in his prison
Thinking of the key, each confirms a prison
Only at nightfall, aethereal rumours

Revive for a moment a broken Coriolanus
DA
Damyata: The boat responded
Gaily, to the hand expert with sail and oar
The sea was calm, your heart would have responded
Gaily, when invited, beating obedient
To controlling hands


Datta means to give; not only charity but giving oneself for some Nobel cause.
Dayadhvam means to sympathies yourself with the sorrows and suffering from other
Damayanta means self control, control over one’s passions and desire ( sexual desire).

 • Shantih :


Shantih shantih shantih - this last line is about ultimate peace which every human being is craving for. This can be considered as universal human law. And the poem complete with the word " Shantih." He used the word in the context of the peace of the world


4) Is it possible to read 'The Waste Land' as a Pandemic Poem?


Answer:-


             
 The poem "The Wasteland" is a powerful illustration of The fragility of life and the need for determination of difficulty. Composed in the early 1920s, it is filled with images of death and devastation, yet also of optimism and revival. When viewed through the perspective of the pandemic, we can see how the poem mirrors our current plight.


The poem begins with this line, "April is the cruellest month" In the context of the poem, this line refers to the way in which the coming of spring can bring a renewed feeling of hopelessness and despair. And In the context of the pandemic, this line takes on new meaning, as April 20202 was the month when many countries around the world began to see a surge in COVID-19 cases and death

"Unreal City"

 This line refers to the feeling of disconnection and isolation. The situation of like this many people experienced in the aftermath of World War I.

 "I had not thought death had undone so many"

 This line refers to the sheer number of people who died in World War I and the damaging impact it had on society..

 "The river's tend is broken"

 This line refers to the way in which nature is in a state of decay and decline." The waste land" as a pandemic poem 

          Thank for visiting ☺️


Refference:

Barad, Dilip. “Presentations on T.S. Eliot's 'The Waste Land.'” 9 November 2017,
https://blog.dilipbarad.com/2014/10/presentations-on-ts-eliots-waste-land.html

Mcleod, Saul. Freud's Psychosexual Stages of Development. www.simplypsychology.org/psychosexual.html

Book Review of Yaar, Papa

  Hello everyone, I am Kavita Chauhan  Now ,so many days after i write my book review of the hindi literature book " yarr, papa ' b...